Linux下面查看硬件信息的好工具-dmidecode

dmidecode是一个非常好的软件，它可以全面的显示你系统的信息，包括bios、cpu、内存等信息，读取的非常详细，基本能告诉你的都告诉你了。

hew@ubuntu-1:~$ sudo dmidecode # dmidecode 2.9 SMBIOS 2.3 present. 34 structures occupying 1006 bytes. Table at 0x000F0000. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes BIOS Information     Vendor: Phoenix Technologies, LTD     Version: 6.00 PG     Release Date: 09/02/2005     Address: 0xE0000     Runtime Size: 128 kB     ROM Size: 512 kB     Characteristics:         ISA is supported         PCI is supported         PNP is supported         APM is supported         BIOS is upgradeable         BIOS shadowing is allowed         Boot from CD is supported         Selectable boot is supported         BIOS ROM is socketed         EDD is supported         5.25"/360 KB floppy services are supported (int 13h)         5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)         3.5"/720 KB floppy services are supported (int 13h)         3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)         Print screen service is supported (int 5h)         8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)         Serial services are supported (int 14h)         Printer services are supported (int 17h)         CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)         ACPI is supported         USB legacy is supported         AGP is supported         LS-120 boot is supported         ATAPI Zip drive boot is supported         BIOS boot specification is supported Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 25 bytes System Information     Manufacturer:      Product Name:      Version:      Serial Number:      UUID: Not Present     Wake-up Type: Power Switch Handle 0x0002, DMI type 177, 69 bytes OEM-specific Type     Header and Data:         B1 45 02 00 00 30 18 B2 02 2E 01 00 02 01 06 11         65 30 06 11 1F 10 00 00 00 00 03 08 09 0E 03 00         40 82 73 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00         00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00         00 00 00 00 01     Strings:         VIA3177-MAC Handle 0x0003, DMI type 2, 8 bytes Base Board Information     Manufacturer:      Product Name: K8T800-8237     Version:      Serial Number:  Handle 0x0004, DMI type 3, 17 bytes Chassis Information     Manufacturer:      Type: Desktop     Lock: Not Present     Version:      Serial Number:      Asset Tag:      Boot-up State: Unknown     Power Supply State: Unknown     Thermal State: Unknown     Security Status: Unknown     OEM Information: 0x00000000 Handle 0x0005, DMI type 4, 35 bytes Processor Information     Socket Designation: Socket 940     Type: Central Processor     Family: Athlon 64     Manufacturer: AMD     ID: C2 0F 02 00 FF FB 8B 07     Signature: Family 15, Model 44, Stepping 2     Flags:         FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)         VME (Virtual mode extension)         DE (Debugging extension)         PSE (Page size extension)         TSC (Time stamp counter)         MSR (Model specific registers)         PAE (Physical address extension)         MCE (Machine check exception)         CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)         APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)         SEP (Fast system call)         MTRR (Memory type range registers)         PGE (Page global enable)         MCA (Machine check architecture)         CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported)         PAT (Page attribute table)         PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension)         CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported)         MMX (MMX technology supported)         FXSR (Fast floating-point save and restore)         SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions)         SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2)     Version: AMD Sempron(tm) Processor 2500+     Voltage: 1.5 V     External Clock: 201 MHz     Max Speed: 3000 MHz     Current Speed: 1407 MHz     Status: Populated, Enabled     Upgrade: Socket 754     L1 Cache Handle: 0x0009     L2 Cache Handle: 0x000A     L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided     Serial Number:      Asset Tag:      Part Number:  Handle 0x0006, DMI type 5, 20 bytes Memory Controller Information     Error Detecting Method: 64-bit ECC     Error Correcting Capabilities:         None     Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave     Current Interleave: One-way Interleave     Maximum Memory Module Size: 4096 MB     Maximum Total Memory Size: 8192 MB     Supported Speeds:         70 ns         60 ns         50 ns     Supported Memory Types:         Standard         DIMM     Memory Module Voltage: 2.9 V     Associated Memory Slots: 2         0x0007         0x0008     Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities: None Handle 0x0007, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information     Socket Designation: A0     Bank Connections: 0 1     Current Speed: 129 ns     Type: Unknown EDO     Installed Size: 512 MB (Double-bank Connection)     Enabled Size: 512 MB (Double-bank Connection)     Error Status: OK Handle 0x0008, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information     Socket Designation: A1     Bank Connections: 2 3     Current Speed: 129 ns     Type: Unknown EDO     Installed Size: 512 MB (Double-bank Connection)     Enabled Size: 512 MB (Double-bank Connection)     Error Status: OK Handle 0x0009, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information     Socket Designation: Internal Cache     Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1     Operational Mode: Write Back     Location: Internal     Installed Size: 128 KB     Maximum Size: 128 KB     Supported SRAM Types:         Synchronous     Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous     Speed: Unknown     Error Correction Type: Unknown     System Type: Unknown     Associativity: Unknown Handle 0x000A, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information     Socket Designation: External Cache     Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 2     Operational Mode: Write Back     Location: Internal     Installed Size: 256 KB     Maximum Size: 256 KB     Supported SRAM Types:         Synchronous     Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous     Speed: Unknown     Error Correction Type: Unknown     System Type: Unknown     Associativity: Unknown Handle 0x000B, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: PRIMARY IDE     Internal Connector Type: On Board IDE     External Reference Designator: Not Specified     External Connector Type: None     Port Type: Other Handle 0x000C, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: SECONDARY IDE     Internal Connector Type: On Board IDE     External Reference Designator: Not Specified     External Connector Type: None     Port Type: Other Handle 0x000D, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: FDD     Internal Connector Type: On Board Floppy     External Reference Designator: Not Specified     External Connector Type: None     Port Type: 8251 FIFO Compatible Handle 0x000E, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: COM1     Internal Connector Type: 9 Pin Dual Inline (pin 10 cut)     External Reference Designator:      External Connector Type: DB-9 male     Port Type: Serial Port 16450 Compatible Handle 0x000F, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: COM2     Internal Connector Type: 9 Pin Dual Inline (pin 10 cut)     External Reference Designator:      External Connector Type: DB-9 male     Port Type: Serial Port 16450 Compatible Handle 0x0010, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: LPT1     Internal Connector Type: DB-25 female     External Reference Designator:      External Connector Type: DB-25 female     Port Type: Parallel Port ECP/EPP Handle 0x0011, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: Keyboard     Internal Connector Type: PS/2     External Reference Designator:      External Connector Type: PS/2     Port Type: Keyboard Port Handle 0x0012, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: PS/2 Mouse     Internal Connector Type: PS/2     External Reference Designator:      External Connector Type: PS/2     Port Type: Mouse Port Handle 0x0013, DMI type 8, 9 bytes Port Connector Information     Internal Reference Designator: Not Specified     Internal Connector Type: None     External Reference Designator: USB0     External Connector Type: Other     Port Type: USB Handle 0x0014, DMI type 9, 13 bytes System Slot Information     Designation: PCI0     Type: 32-bit PCI     Current Usage: Available     Length: Long     ID: 1     Characteristics:         5.0 V is provided         PME signal is supported Handle 0x0015, DMI type 9, 13 bytes System Slot Information     Designation: PCI1     Type: 32-bit PCI     Current Usage: Available     Length: Long     ID: 2     Characteristics:         5.0 V is provided         PME signal is supported Handle 0x0016, DMI type 9, 13 bytes System Slot Information     Designation: PCI2     Type: 32-bit PCI     Current Usage: Available     Length: Long     ID: 3     Characteristics:         5.0 V is provided         PME signal is supported Handle 0x0017, DMI type 9, 13 bytes System Slot Information     Designation: PCI3     Type: 32-bit PCI     Current Usage: Available     Length: Long     ID: 4     Characteristics:         5.0 V is provided         PME signal is supported Handle 0x0018, DMI type 9, 13 bytes System Slot Information     Designation: AGP     Type: 32-bit AGP     Current Usage: In Use     Length: Long     ID: 8     Characteristics:         5.0 V is provided Handle 0x0019, DMI type 13, 22 bytes BIOS Language Information     Installable Languages: 3         n|US|iso8859-1         n|US|iso8859-1         r|CA|iso8859-1     Currently Installed Language: n|US|iso8859-1 Handle 0x001A, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array     Location: System Board Or Motherboard     Use: System Memory     Error Correction Type: None     Maximum Capacity: 8 GB     Error Information Handle: Not Provided     Number Of Devices: 2 Handle 0x001B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device     Array Handle: 0x001A     Error Information Handle: Not Provided     Total Width: 64 bits     Data Width: 64 bits     Size: 512 MB     Form Factor: DIMM     Set: None     Locator: A0     Bank Locator: Bank0/1     Type: Unknown     Type Detail: None     Speed: Unknown     Manufacturer: None     Serial Number: None     Asset Tag: None     Part Number: None Handle 0x001C, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device     Array Handle: 0x001A     Error Information Handle: Not Provided     Total Width: 64 bits     Data Width: 64 bits     Size: 512 MB     Form Factor: DIMM     Set: None     Locator: A1     Bank Locator: Bank2/3     Type: Unknown     Type Detail: None     Speed: Unknown     Manufacturer: None     Serial Number: None     Asset Tag: None     Part Number: None Handle 0x001D, DMI type 19, 15 bytes Memory Array Mapped Address     Starting Address: 0x00000000000     Ending Address: 0x0003FFFFFFF     Range Size: 1 GB     Physical Array Handle: 0x001A     Partition Width: 0 Handle 0x001E, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address     Starting Address: 0x00000000000     Ending Address: 0x0001FFFFFFF     Range Size: 512 MB     Physical Device Handle: 0x001B     Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x001D     Partition Row Position: 1 Handle 0x001F, DMI type 20, 19 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address     Starting Address: 0x00020000000     Ending Address: 0x0003FFFFFFF     Range Size: 512 MB     Physical Device Handle: 0x001C     Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x001D     Partition Row Position: 1 Handle 0x0020, DMI type 32, 11 bytes System Boot Information     Status: No errors detected Handle 0x0021, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table

上面是我自己机子的dmidecode 信息，如果要读取特定设备信息可以用 dmidecode -t type
下面是type 代码的含义

0   BIOS           1   System           2   Base Board           3   Chassis           4   Processor           5   Memory Controller           6   Memory Module           7   Cache           8   Port Connector           9   System Slots          10   On Board Devices          11   OEM Strings          12   System Configuration Options          13   BIOS Language          14   Group Associations          15   System Event Log          16   Physical Memory Array          17   Memory Device          18   32-bit Memory Error          19   Memory Array Mapped Address          20   Memory Device Mapped Address          21   Built-in Pointing Device          22   Portable Battery          23   System Reset          24   Hardware Security          25   System Power Controls          26   Voltage Probe          27   Cooling Device          28   Temperature Probe          29   Electrical Current Probe          30   Out-of-band Remote Access          31   Boot Integrity Services          32   System Boot          33   64-bit Memory Error          34   Management Device          35   Management Device Component          36   Management Device Threshold Data          37   Memory Channel          38   IPMI Device          39   Power Supply

hew@ubuntu-1:~$ sudo dmidecode -t 17

# dmidecode 2.9 SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x001B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device         Array Handle: 0x001A         Error Information Handle: Not Provided         Total Width: 64 bits         Data Width: 64 bits         Size: 512 MB         Form Factor: DIMM         Set: None         Locator: A0         Bank Locator: Bank0/1         Type: Unknown         Type Detail: None         Speed: Unknown         Manufacturer: None         Serial Number: None         Asset Tag: None         Part Number: None Handle 0x001C, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device         Array Handle: 0x001A         Error Information Handle: Not Provided         Total Width: 64 bits         Data Width: 64 bits         Size: 512 MB         Form Factor: DIMM         Set: None         Locator: A1         Bank Locator: Bank2/3         Type: Unknown         Type Detail: None         Speed: Unknown         Manufacturer: None         Serial Number: None         Asset Tag: None         Part Number: None

上面的就是我的两条内存的信息。